Valve-gear for engines



. zsheets-sheet 1; G. ABRAMS 8a N. NILSON.

i VALVE GEAR EOE ENGINES. No. 317,071. ,1 Patented May 5, l885.

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G. ABRAMS 8v N. NILSON. VALVE GEAE EOE ENGINES..

No. 317,071'. Patented My y5, 18,85.

- valve-gear.

UNITED! STATESN PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV ABRAMS AND NILS NILSON, OF DASSEL, MINNESOTA.

VALVE-GEAR Fon ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.317,0'71, dated May 5, 1885.

Application nieu February 14, 1885. (No model.)

`To all whom t may concern:

. ed certain new anduseful Improvements in ',Valve-Gears Vfor Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to steam-engines; and it consists in a novel construction of the valvegear, as hereinafter fully set forth.

In the drawings, Figure l is aside elevation of arr engine provided with :our improved Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same, taken on the line x fr. Fig.V 3 is a longitudinal section through the cylinder and steam-chest; Fig. 4., enlarged face view of the trip mechanism.

The object of our invention is to render positive, prompt, and sensitive the action of the automatic cut-off device; and to this end it consists in providing the steam-cylinder with two independent small steam-cylinders (conimunicating with the steam-chest) having pistons, which, through the action of the governor and a rocking lever, actnate the rocking 'cut-off valves.

A indicates the frame or bed of the engine; B, the main cylinder, provided with piston C, having rod D; E, the steam-chest, and F the slide-valve therein, having rod or stem G.

Between the main cylinder B and the steamchest, at the ends, are the rocking cut-oii valves H I, the former provided with ports l 2 3, and the latter with ports 4 5 6, as shown in Fig. 3.

The steam-chest is provided with steam-inlet ports 7 8, outlet-ports 9 l0, and exhaustspace 11, while the main cylinder is provided with corresponding ports, l2 and 13.

Upon one side of the main cylinder are the cylinders J, each of which, as shown in Fig. 2, communicates at its upper end with the steam-chest E, and is there provided with a valve, a, which, by means of its threaded spindle a', can be adjusted to vary the amount of steam admitted to the cylinder J.

Upon the outer face of the cylinders J are cast or bolted the lugs or guides b, while the interior of each cylinder is bored ont to receive a piston, c, suitable packing boxes or glands, c', being provided at the lower ends of the cylinders, as shown in Figs. land 2.

A The pistons c have attached to their lower ends arms or rods d, the hooked ends d of which pass beneath and are guided by the lugs or guides b upon the side ofthe cylinder J, said arms or rods d being in turn connected near their lower ends with rods e, attached to the crank-arm e' on the stems of the rocking valves H I, as shown in Fig. 1.

The slide-valve rod Gis connected by a link, G, to one end of the rocking arm or lever K,

pivoted at b on the frame or` bed A, the upper end of the lever being provided with a slot, b2, and connected by a rod, b, with an eccentric, b, on the engine-shaft b5, as shown in Fig. l. By adjusting the rod b3 in the slot b2 the throw of the slide-valve can be accurately regulated and controlled. The slide-valve serves merely to provide for, regulate, and control the exhaust, but exercises no infiuence whatever upon the admission of steam, its i ends being cut off, so that it does not cover the inlet-ports.

L indicates a rocking arm or lever, of Y form,

.which swings or rocks upon apivot-pin, f, on

the side of cylinder B, the lower arm, f, of the lever L being slotted, as at f 1, (by which the throw of the lever may be varied,) and connected by a rod or pitman, f, with the lower end or" the rocking lever K.

At opposite sides of the pivot f of the lever L, and swiveled in said lever, are guides or studs f4, the pivot f and the guides ft, each being provided with a transverse hole for the purpose hereinafter specied.

At opposite extremities of the rocking lever L are dogs or latches g, pivoted at g', and provided with upper squared ends, g2, and tail or extension g3, the movement of the dogs or latches being limited in one direction by the stops or lugs g4, and toward which they are pressed by the spring g5, secured to the lever L and bearing at either` end upon the lower ends or tails g3 of the dogs or latches g, as shown in Figs. l and 4.

M is the governor, and li its shaft, having its lower end stepped in the bed or frame' A, and provided with bevel-gear h', which latter receives motion from the engine-shaft b5 through the bevel-gears h2 h3 l# and rod 71.5, journaled in bearings on the frame A, andcarrying at its op posite ends the gear h2 h3. The governor has attached to its collar i a slide, i2, which terminates i i i IOO in a stema, passing vertically through the stationary pivot f, the slide t2 being provided on opposite sides, at its lower end, with pivoted arms or trips e, which pass through the semirotary or oscillating guides or studs f, as shown in Figs. `1 and 4. It will be thus seen that the governor-slide t2 can rise or fall while the rocking lever L oscillates or swings upon its pivot f.

The lower ends of the pistons c are spread out or enlarged to formrfeet c2, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, which are adapted to descend upon the rubber or other suitable elastic buffers, c3, seated in sockets c4, in order to relieve the engine and the valve of the jar incident to the operation of the pistons e.

Upon reference to Fig. 3 it will be seen that the piston c has just completed its stroke and is ready to move in the opposite direction; that the slide-valve F has nearly completed its movement, that the valve H has completed its movement to allow the complete exhaust through ports 12 8 2 9 11, while the valve I has not moved sufficient-ly to allow the inlet of steam through ports S et G 13.

The operation of the device is as follows; Through the medium of the rocking lever K the rocking or swinging lever L is moved simultaneously with the slide-valve F, which valve serves to connect one and the other end of the cylinder alternately with the outlet 11, the pivoted latches g of the lever L engaging alternately with hooked ends d of the rods d, and thus elevating the pistons c. The upward movement of the piston c and rod d causes a similar movement of the rod e, connected to the rocking valves H I, and oscillating said valves inone or the other direction, according to the direction of oscillation of lever L. Then the lever L is thus rocked upon its pivot f, and the engine is not using steam expansively, the trips i", attached to the governor-slide t2, do not come into contact with p the tails g3 of the latches or dogs g until the piston has completed or nearly completed its stroke. lVhen the piston has completed its stroke, these trips it, which pass through the oscillating guides f, but which remain at a nearly uniform elevation, form an abutment, against which the tails g of the pivoted dog g strikes, and which depress their lower ends, thus throwing the upper squared end, g2, out of engagement with the hook d of the rod d. As soon as the pistou cis thus released the steam, acting upon its upper end, forces it down, and thus reverses the rocking valve H or I as the case may be. During all this time the steam in the other cylinder J will have forced its piston down to its lowest position, carrying with it Ythe hooks d of rod d, which is brought in position to be struck and carried upward by the dog g, when the lever L rock's in the opposite direction. Vhen the lever L oscillates, the dog g will ride over the hook d', and the spring, acting upon the tails, throws the tails up and the upper squared ends outward in engagement with the hooks d.

Shouldthe engine assume an excessive speed, the governor-collar t' and slide t2 would be depressed a slight distance, and thus project the trips i* through the oscillating or semi-rotary studs f* a corresponding distance. This action, as will be seen upon reference to Figs. l and 4, will cause the tripping of the latches g, and consequent cutting off of the steam by valves H I, at a period somewhat sooner than would be done were it notV for the too great speed of the engine.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is l.. In a steam-engine, the combination of a main steam-cylinder, a piston movable therein, a slide-valveV adapted to connect the eX- haust-portsy of the cylinder with the steamoutlet, a cut-off or regulating valve between the steam-chest and cylinder, a supplemental. steam-cylinder communicating with the steamsupply, and a piston mounted in said supplemental cylinder, connected with the cut-off valve, and adapted to impart motion thereto, substantially as explained.

2. In a steam-engine, the combination of a main steam-cylinder, a piston movable there in, a main valve adapted to connect the eX- haust-ports of the cylinder with the steamoutlet, a cut-off valve between the steam-chest and cylinder, a supplemental cylinder communicating with the steam-supply, and a piston mounted in said supplemental cylinder, connected with the cut-off valve, and adapted to impart motion thereto in one direction, and a liftingdevice connected with a moving part of the engine, and adapted to move the piston and valve in reverse directions.

3. In a steam-engine constructed substan-VY tially as shown and described, the combination of cylinder B, steam-chest E, rocking valves H I, between the steam chest and cylinder, provided with suit-able ports, rocking lever L, provided with dogs g, cylinders J, communicating with the steam-chest, provided with pistons connected with the rocking valves, and having hooks and mechanism, substantially such as shown, for rocking the lever L.

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4. In a steam-engine, the combination of' cylinder B, piston C, steam-chest E, valve F, rocking valves H I, between the cylinder and steam-chest, cylinder J, pistons c therein, provided with hook d', and connected with and adapted to rock the valves H I, governor M, provided with slide i2, having arms 3 t", rocking lever L, provided with studs ff, dogs g, and sprin g g5, and an intermediate connection between the engine-shaft and the lever L, for rocking the latter alternately in reverse directions.

5. In a steam-engine, the combination of cylinder B, piston C, steamchest E, slidevalve F, provided with rod G, rocking valves H I, an actuating mechanism for said valves, constructed substantially as described and shown, rocking lever K, connecting the slidevalve rod and the actuating mechanism and driven by an eccentric,W b", on the main-shaft b5, as and for thepurpose set forth.

6. In a steam-engine, the combination of cylinder B, piston C, steam-chest E, slide.

5 valve F, rocking valves H I, cylinders J, communicating withlthe steam-chest, provided- V with pistons c for operating the valves H I in one direction, and a rocking lever actuated by the `main shaft for raising the piston o and 1o thereby rocking the valves in the reverse direction.

7 In a steam-engine. substantially such as i, shown and described, the combination of cylinder B, steam-chest E, rocking valves H I, 1 5 rocking lever L, provided With dogs g for tripping,1 the valves H I, and with oscillating studs f, and governor-plate i2, provided with trips i, passing through the studs f4, as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a steam-engine substantially such as shown and described, the combination of cyl ism for rocking the lever L alternately in reverse directions.

9. Ina steam-engine, the combination of 3o cylinder B, piston C, steam-chest E, slidevalve F,rocking valves H I, cylinders J, pistons c lWithin the cylinders, provided with hooks d', and connected with the valves H I,

rocking lever L, provided with dogs g, spring 3 5 g5, and studs g4, and mechanism for rocking lthe lever L alternately in reverse directions.

GUSTAV ABRAMS.

NILS NILSON.

Witnesses: n

PETER JoHNsoN, J ABN JAHNsoN. 

